People's Korea stands firm against big-power chauvinism and international revisionism

                                        

The neighbouring countries which blindly followed the U.S. as its puppets, away with elementary justice and etiquettes, will never be able to evade the responsibility for having coiled up the situation on the Korean peninsula and endangered peace and security in the region"
     Kim Ki Nam vice-chairman of the Workers' Party of Korea

" If the country keeps applying economic sanctions on the DPRK while dancing to the tune of someone after misjudging the will of the DPRK, it may be applauded by the enemies of the DPRK but it should get itself ready to face the catastrophic consequences in the relations with the DPRK "
Jong Phil "Are you good at dancing to the tune of others  "Rodong Sinmun " 24 April 2017

"China should no longer try to test the limits of the DPRK's patience but make proper strategic option, facing up to the situation.
    China had better ponder over the grave consequences to be entailed by its reckless act of chopping down the pillar of the DPRK-China relations."
Kim Chol " Rodong Sinmun  3rd May 2017

Introduction
The DPRK has not only had to face sanctions imposed by the US and some Western countries but
several rounds of UN Security Council (UNSC) sanctions culminating in the extremely harsh and draconian  UNSC resolution 2371 which imposes very severe restrictions on the external economic  activity of the DPRK in a bid to strangle its economy  and bring down the socialist system. Some supposed allies of the DPRK , the Russian Federation and People's Republic of China have voted for this resolution and voted for most , if not all, on the UNSC sanctions resolutions against People's Korea since 2006 . The venal and reactionary US imperialists and others crow "even the DPRK's allies do not support it" , whilst the "I love China and Russia " brigade " in some countries notably
the UK are totally silent on the issue or claim that the Russian Federation and PRC do not really implement the sanctions and secretly support the DPRK (then why vote for the sanctions in the
first place?).
   Basically by supporting UNSC sanctions against the DPRK , Russia and China have violated the DPRK's sovereignty and assisted in imperialist attempts to isolate People's Korea..
    The DPRK media in recent moves have run a number of articles critical of big power chauvinism and particularly critical of China's stance towards the DPRK . Again these articles have been ignored by some . Some people still persist in portraying the non-socialist Russian Federation and the extremely revisionist PRC as the "best friends " and "close allies " of People's Korea . Some of this ilk even slanderously portray the DPRK as the creation of the old Soviet Union and China or being dependent on it , totally ignoring the reality that People's Korea is an independent , Juche-based socialist country . In the words of  respected Marshal KIM JONG UN "The course of its leading the cause of the Juche revolution, the cause of socialism, has been an acute and serious political and class struggle against imperialism, dominationism, revisionism, worship of big powers and dogmatism, and a hard struggle of hewing out an untrodden path to build a genuine, new society for the people."  
  In fact during the course of its history the DPRK has not only had to struggle against US imperialism and the south Korean puppets but also against big powers, against big power chauvinism and dominationism .
   Socialism of the DPRK , is not a gift of another country nor is something imposed from outside but is Juche-based Korean style socialism centred upon the popular masses.
  The Juche Idea Study Group of England , Association for the Study of Songun Politics UK and the 
UK KFA have produced this article on big-power chauvinism and People's Korea. In the course of this article we  will examine in details why China and Russia have voted for the UNSC sanctions and the relationship of these countries towards the DPRK as well as the struggle of the DPRK against big power chauvinism.

Historical background
The Soviet Union was one of the first countries to recognise the DPRK after it was founded in September 1948. Troops of the Soviet Red Army had fought together with the Korean People's Revolutionary Army in 1945 to liberate Korea from Japanese imperialist. However it should be pointed out the USSR only declared war on Japan in the later stages of World War Two whereas the
Korean People's Revolutionary Army commanded by the great leader President KIM IL SUNG had
fought against Japanese imperialism for more than a decade. The KPRA had given proletarian internationalist assistance to the Soviet Union during the 1930s.
  However the DPRK had to struggle against the big power chauvinism of the Soviet Union which became particularly marked after the late 1950s . The USSR became revisionist and tried to force the DPRK to adopt modern revisionism and go down the same path that it had gone down . Things came to a head in August 1956. Khrushchev had made his speech to the 20th Congress of the CPSU heralding the onset of modern revisionism (revisionists surfaced in a number of parties and tried to destroy, for example, the CPGB) and the imperialists launched a fierce international anticommunist campaign. Within Korea, the Syngman Rhee puppet regime went wild, talking of a 'March North'. The DPRK had only just completed the post-war reconstruction and rehabilitation of the economy after the devastation caused by the war. The factionalists who had been lurking in the WPK seized the chance to try and overthrow the leadership with the backing of outside revisionists. Indeed the CPSU fraternal delegate to the 3rd Congress of the WPK (who was none other than a certain L. I. Brezhnev) made a veiled attack on the WPK leadership. Events came to a head in August, when the factionalists tried to stage their coup under the manipulation of the great power chauvinists and revisionists. Their aim was to deny the Party's leadership role and paralyse the dictatorship of the proletariat. They also wished to stamp out the revolutionary conditions of the WPK forged in the flames of the anti-Japanese armed struggle. They even intended to proclaim Korea a pro-American 'neutral nation'. However, Comrade KIM IL SUNG ed the people to smash the anti-Party counter-revolutionary factional clique. The WPK launched internally an anti-factional, anti-revisionist struggle.
    The Workers Party of Korea led by comrade KIM IL SUNG  struggled against revisionism from
during the late 1950s and 1960s . The Soviet revisionists tried to make the DPRK join the 
Council For Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA or sometimes called COMECON) but the DPRK strongly rejected it and instead built a Juche-based independent national economy . The Soviet revisionists put strong pressue on the DPRK in the early 1960s but the DPRK resisted it 

   The mid and late 1980s saw the emergence of the most dangerous and destructive form of modern revisionism in the form of Gorbachevism. Comrade KIM IL SUNG  the great leader of the Korean revolution, was one of the first leaders in the socialist world to see through it and attack it. In December 1986, speaking to the Supreme People's Assembly, he stressed:

"The people's government must guard against the poisonous ideas of capitalism and revisionism and resolutely fight against all attempts to infringe upon the socialist system".

(Kim Il Sung: 'Works', Volume 40; p. 216).

Comrade KIM IL SUNG  put forward the concept of the complete victory of socialism, which struck a blow against the revisionists.

During a talk to senior officials of the Economic Sector on the 3rd of January 1987, the great leader Comrade KIM IL SUNG  made the following analysis of the DPRK's position vis a vis the socialist world:

"Modern revisionism which has appeared in the international communist movement is also creating a lot of difficulties for our revolution. On the pretext of 'reforming' and 'reorganising' socialism, the modern revisionists are following the road to capitalism and abandoning internationalist principles. It is, therefore, difficult for us to expect from them co-operation based on internationalism in the building of socialism. What is worse, they are applying economic pressure on us because we do not follow their wrong, revisionist policy".

  The Soviet revisionists even extended diplomatic recognition to the hated south Korean puppet fascists in 1990 ,the DPRK responded by publishing a strong Rodong Sinmun article "Diplomatic 

Relations bought and sold with Dollars ".

  Historically the relationship between the Workers' Party of Korea and the Communist Party of China and between the Democratic People's Republic of Korea and the PRC was a very close one that was forged in the  fiery anti-Japanese armed struggle during the 1930s when Korean and Chinese communists fought against Japanese imperialism . As President KIM IL SUNG described the relationship with the People's Republic of China a "“fighting alliance between class brothers.”.
    Both dogmatic supporters of China and bourgeois academics love to stress the role of the Chinese People's Volunteers in the Fatherland Liberation War against US imperialism in the 1950s. However they gloss over the fact , in ignore it completely ,that Korea gave a lot of assistance to the Chinese revolution . President KIM IL SUNG sent some of his best generals such as Kang Gon  as well as
a large number of troops to assist the Chinese People's Liberation Army(PLA)and Chinese Communist Party in their revolutionary war against the reactionary KMT in the period before 1949 . The DPRK  was also used as a rear base by the PLA 
  The relationship was never a simple one . Obviously both countries pursued their own roads to 
socialism in accordance with the geographical and historical conditions . 
    The DPRK found itself not only having to fight against Soviet big power chauvinism but also
against Chinese big power chauvinism and interference. In the August factional incident of 1956  it was not just pro-Soviet factionalists but pro Chinese factionalists as well , a fact ignored by the blinkered supporters of China. As President KIM IL SUNG said "The M-L group came from Yanan.They tried to compromise the dignity of our nation to show a servile attachment to other great power chauvinists " (The People's Army is a Communist School  25 August 1960).
   Whilst both the DPRK and PRC strongly opposed the drift towards revisionism in the USSR  the 
DPRK opposed modern revisionism from a totally independent , Juche-based perspective . It is true that the positions of the PRC and DPRK overlapped for a while. However the DPRK opposed the 
split in the international communist movement and distanced itself from the swing towards ultra-leftism in the PRC. The DPRK based on single-hearted unity , did not allow itself to be  sucked into the ultra-left 'Cultural Revolution' that consumed China in the 1960s. In fact President KIM IL SUNG condemned the Left opportunism of China saying that "“Left opportunists failed to take into account changed conditions and dogmatically recite isolated propositions of Marxism Leninism; they lead people to extremist action under super revolutionary slogans. They also divorce the party from the masses, split the revolutionary forces and prevent a concentrated attack on the principal enemy. When left opportunism is allowed to grow, it may also become as big a danger as modern revisionism. Without fighting left opportunism, it is impossible to unite the anti-imperialist forces to wage a successful struggle against imperialism, nor is it possible to combat modern revisionism successfully"
 Later the PRC in the 1970s and 1980s swung to the right and announced "reform " and "opening
up " . This was quite inexplicable and bizarre  and cost China many friends and supporters in the world , however it is not the purpose of this article to discuss why "reform " and " opening up "
happened or its impact . President KIM IL SUNG stressed that the DPRK "must always live its
own way ,without having any illusion about having any illusions about the revisionist and reformist policies pursued in some countries ". Comrade KIM JONG IL , the successor to the
great leader President KIM IL SUNG declared in answer to those who thought the DPRK would
adopt Chinese style " reform " and " opening up "  "EXPECT NO CHANGE FROM ME ". Later he said  "We should build a great ,prosperous and powerful country under the banner of self-reliance ....We must never be captivated by the "restructuring " and "openness " advertised by the imperialists. "Restructuring " and "openness " are the way to national ruin ". We must not tolerate them to the slightest degree "
 Whilst we were studying at the Korean Juche Idea Academy in Mangyondae in  June 1996 a delegation of the Juche Idea Study Group of England  put a question  to a group of Korean social scientists about the DPRK's relationship to China and its stance on Chinese " reform " and "opening up " .Our delegation had travelled through China twice and had been shocked by the capitalistic nature of China . We also noticed the big difference between the PRC and DPRK , so we decided to put a question to Juche Idea Academy. In their answer , they firstly stressed the close relationship between China and the DPRK. However the referred to the problematic issue of "reform " and "opening up " . They thought things took a turn after the 11th Plenary meeting of the Central Committee of the CPC in 1983. They stressed that the master of the Chinese revolution was the Chinese people and hoped everything would go well in China. However the  CPC had put pressure on the DPRK and WPK to follow the China and adopt Chinese style policies. This was rejected by the DPRK and they stressed the necessity of establishing Juche to avoid being swallowed
up by great powers.
  President KIM IL SUNG in  June 1994 , shortly before he passed away made reference to "those of a certain country are tolerating the Americans looking down upon them , and are afraid of them , are failing to launch a daring struggle against imperialism and for socialism ".
   In recent decades’ fractures in the relationship between China and the DPRK began to surface when Pyongyang tested a nuclear weapon in October 2006 and Beijing supported UN Security Council Resolution 1718, which imposed sanctions on Juche Korea. With this resolution and others (UNSC Resolutions 1874, 2094, 2270, and 2321) China signalled a shift in tone from diplomacy to punishment. After the DPRK’s nuclear test in September 2016, China called on the DPRK to not take action that would, “worsen the situation.” China has also taken some measures to squeeze the DPRK economically. In February 2017, China’s commerce ministry temporarily suspended coal imports from the DPRK through the rest of the year; a move that enhances the effectiveness of existing UN sanctions against people’s Korea. China had previously banned coal imports from the DPRK in April 2016. The state-owned oil giant, China National Petroleum Corporation, also suspended fuel sales to the DPRK in June 2017, citing concerns that the DPRK would fail to pay the company. These punitive measures have been implemented in order to comply with Chinese backed UN sanctions. In recent years, China has become more supportive of imperialist sanctions due to the revisionist nature of its government. The Chinese have abandoned ideological purity and proletarian internationalism in favour of appeasing the US. This policy is designed to secure US trade deals and favourable economic exchanges with the west. However, China still needs the DPRK as a buffer between its own borders and US occupied south Korea. The Chinese leaders have no love for the DPRK or its nuclear weapons, but China also dislikes the prospect of US troops on its border.

China regards stability on the Korean peninsula as its primary interest. Its partial support for the DPRK ensures a friendly nation on its north-eastern border and provides a buffer between China and the US occupied south, which is home to around twenty-nine thousand U.S. troops. However, the current revisionist leadership in China would rather the DPRK pursue ‘reform’ and ‘opening up’. This would mean that the DPRK would abandon socialism in favour of becoming a client state of China. The Chinese leadership has also been inspired by the rise of nationalism and it hopes to create a sphere of influence similar to the one established by previous regimes. The Ming dynasty regarded the Korean peninsula as a tributary state and attempted to fight off Japan for Korea. Therefore, modern China believes that it has a right to control Korea in order to promote its own interests. This attitude is big power chauvinism at its worse and it is caused by China’s decline into revisionism. The Communist Party of China (CPC) now takes an imperialist view that it needs to dominate certain regions in order to be secure. China wants to reclaim its status as sort of the predominant power in east Asia, and in order to create that sort of perception they have to make sure that other states submit to their will. To this end, China formally established relations with south Korea in 1992 and also increased trade and political engagement with Japan. However, the DPRK adheres to the Juche idea and so refuses to submit to the will of big powers. It is clear that China and the DPRK are developing in opposite directions, straining their old alliance to the breaking point. The DPRK’s commitment to Juche is intolerable to the Chinese, just as the DPRK is horrified by China's reforms and their willingness to talk to the Americans and the south Koreans. During this time the DPRK was going through the Arduous March and the actions of China in some instances made this worse. For a long period commencing in 1992, China demanded that the DPRK pay for imported goods in dollars. This caused difficulties for the DPRK, but comrade KIM JONG IL made sure that the DPRK continued to survive.

China had hoped that the counter-revolutionary anti-party traitor Jang Song Thaek would push the DPRK towards capitalism. They envisioned that the DPRK under his leadership would become a vassal of China, but at the same time still providing a buffer against the advances of the US. Jang Song Thaek spent time in China and was affected by the capitalist way of living. He committed irregularities and corruption that led to a dissolute and depraved life. He used drugs and squandered foreign currency at casinos while he was receiving medical treatment in China. His actions highlighted how capitalist Chinese society has become and the CPC hoped to impose such conditions in the DPRK. However, the DPRK has a proud history of class struggle and this traitor was executed for his crimes.

China has also sought to bolster its relations with south Korea. China’s Xi Jinping met several times with now ousted south Korean President Park Geun-hye, while he has yet to visit or receive Marshal KIM JONG UN. In July 2014, Xi visited south Korea before its traditional ally, the DPRK, and in their talks, both leaders affirmed their support for a nuclear-free Korean peninsula and the ongoing free trade agreement negotiations. This is an extremely treacherous act by China as it gives legitimacy to the puppet regime in the south. The pursuit of so-called ‘market socialism’ means that China has abandoned its support for the DPRK and now would rather have trade deals with south Korea. China prefers to pursue profit rather than show solidarity with the DPRK. This anti-internationalist stance has been developing since 1978. China after 1978, engaged in ‘reform and opening up’ after the ultra-left chaos of the Cultural Revolution. This eventually led to the creation of a capitalist structure and a socialist superstructure. The Chinese party forgot about ideology and revolutionary principle, focusing just on material benefits. The foreign policy aspect of Chinese reformism led China to abandon proletarian internationalism, for the sake of pleasing imperialism. China developed into a great power chauvinist and the CPC became the headquarters of international modern revisionism. The Workers' Party of Korea (WPK) recognises the danger of Chinese revisionism, but does not interfere into the internal affairs of China and maintains relations with them.

The US has also tried to pressure China to lean more heavily on the DPRK. China has succumbed to US pressure because it is so interconnected with the imperialist global trade network. The Chinese revisionists have embraced capitalism and are keen to maintain their trade with the US. China needs to keep on very good terms with the US as only 15 percent of its imports come from China. Furthermore, all of the basic types of manufactured consumer goods that China exports to the US (clothing, textiles, footwear, toys, small appliances, etc.) can be imported from other countries or could be produced domestically. The prices for goods that could substitute for products from China would be higher, but the difference in costs would be relatively small. Competition among producers has become fiercer, and as a result cost differences between goods from China and other suppliers are narrowing. China is highly dependent on US demand for its products, so economic growth in China is based on exports to the US. China would struggle to meet its growth targets if demand for its exports in the US stays low. Therefore, China must appease the US by supporting sanctions against the DPRK in order to maintain the US as its main export customer.( moreover the PRC and CPC are committed to a concept of building socialism in partnership with imperialism rather than class struggle against imperialism -ed) The Chinese revisionists have sacrificed their historic relationship with the DPRK due to lack of ideological purity and capitalist tendencies within the CPC.

In the event of a future Korean war it is doubtful whether China would assist the DPRK as it did between 1951-1953. China has been ambivalent on the question of its commitment to defend the DPRK in case of military conflict. China and the DPRK mutually signed the Sino-DPRK Mutual Aid and Cooperation Friendship Treaty in 1961 because the DPRK was concerned about the possibility of a US/south Korean invasion. Part of the treaty said that China would offer military assistance “by all means” against an outside attack. Article 2 of the treaty specifically states that the two nations “guarantee to adopt immediately all necessary measures to oppose any country or coalition of countries that might attack either nation.” However, the Chinese government has tried to persuade the DPRK to revoke the clause that would force China to come to the DPRK’s defence. There have also been modifications to the China-DPRK relationship under Xi Jinping. There has not been a meeting between Xi Jinping and respected  Marshal KIM JONG UN. The Chinese have not referred to the WPK leadership as comrades since Hu Jintao went to the DPRK embassy in China to sign the condolence book when the great leader comrade KIM JONG IL passed away in December 2011.

Tensions between China and the DPRK massively increased in 2006 when people’s Korea conducted it first nuclear test. The Chinese strongly objected to the DPRK exercising it sovereign right to acquire nuclear weapons. By acting in this manner China is forgetting that the DPRK supported its attempts to acquire nuclear weapons in the 1960s.( China said at the time when it was developing nuclear weapons that if nessecrary they would pawn their trousers to pay for nuclear weapons -ed) Thus, China is engaging in big power chauvinism as it thinks it has a right to nuclear weapons, but others do not. The Chinese government has resolutely opposed and condemned all DPRK nuclear and missile tests. This is despite the fact that the DPRK has broken no international laws. The Chinese revisionists have sided with the US imperialists and world imperialism in trying to bring down the socialist system of the DPRK. It is barbaric that these traitors to socialism are trying to apply sanctions against people's Korea and have dared to take issue with the independent and sovereign right of the DPRK to test nuclear weapons technology.
Conclusion

In conclusion, the DPRK and China have long enjoyed good relations that were forged in the bloody and arduous struggle against imperialism. However, these relations have been put under a severe strain by the Chinese leadership who have committed a number of hostile actions which have undermined this relationship. On many occasions China has voted in the UN Security Council to condemn the DPRK’s nuclear and missile tests. Also, it has voted to impose sanctions on the DPRK and these unjust measures were organised in conjunction with the US. Therefore, it is clear that China has abandoned proletarian internationalism in favour of maintaining good relations with the US. The Chinese revisionists believe that their trade deals with the US are more important than solidarity with the DPRK. This attitude has been adopted as a result of China abandoning socialism in favour of capitalist policies. These policies have made China the centre of international revisionism. This country is now trying to infect the DPRK with the disease of modern revisionism. The big power chauvinists in China would like to see the DPRK ‘reform and open up’, but this would only make the DPRK a puppet of China.
    It is less difficult and more transparent why the Russian Federation has voted for the UNSC sanctions against People's Korea. The Russian Federation is not a socialist state, has not been a socialist country since 1991 and does not pretend to be one so is not bound by proletarian intenationalism . Some people imagine that somehow the Russian Federation is a socialist state and has an anti-imperialist foreign policy . However Putin is a self-declared anti-communist . The All Union Communist Party of Bolseviks said of Putin " Putin and the Russian leadership believe it can negotiate with Western "partners", and will appease the aggressor. Herein, lies the profound error. The more they pander to the aggressors, the more of an appetite for aggression erupts". Thus the Russian Federation cannot take the side of the DPRK and it too has a great power -chauvinist attitude that the DPRK should not be allowed to bolster its own defence potenial .
  However, the DPRK is unfazed by the moves of the Chinese traitors and international modern revisionists. The DPRK will march on under the banner of self-reliance and self-development. As Rodong Sinmun of the 10th of September said "The enemies' desperate efforts to deprive the DPRK of its sovereignty and the right to existence have resulted in making the flame of self-reliance and self-development rage on this land."
  Guided by the Juche Idea , the spirit of self-reliance and the self-development first idea , People' Korea will resists big power chauvinism .Socialism in the DPRK is not a copy of the Soviet Union or China nor it is dependent on anyone.It is a Korean style socialist system centred on the popular masses. In the DPRK people are free from the evils of capitalist society such as exploitation, oppression, drugs, violence etc. Thanks to the Juche idea independence and creativity are blooming. It is the system chosen by the Korean people themselves. People's Korea will also implement the twin line of building the nuclear force and economy in parallel. The Korean people continue to wholeheartedly support Marshal KIM JONG UN, the Juche Idea, Songun and the Workers' Party of Korea. They will resist any moves by China to bring about regime change in the DPRK. Therefore, victory belongs to Juche Korea led by dear respected Marshal KIM JONG UN!  

( Article written by Dermot Hudson  with assistance from Shaun Pickford , edited by Dermot Hudson)
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