On January 15, 2024, the 20x10 Regional Development Policy was
adopted for implementation during the 10th Session of the 14th
Supreme People's Assembly of the Democratic People's Republic of
Korea ( DPRK ).
However, the formal legislative adoption of this massive, long -
term undertaking by the DPRK's highest parliamentary body was
preceded by several years of experience - dating back to 2021 -
gained through the initial successful implementation of regional
socio - economic development policies.
The
administrative unit corresponding to Kimhwa County in Kangwon
Province is located at the southernmost tip of the DPRK, right along
the border with South Korea. Kimhwa County is a predominantly
mountainous region characterized by unfavorable terrain and
agricultural soils with very poor growth potential; cultivated land
accounts for only 9.04% of the province's total area. The region has
historically suffered from limited economic development and harsh
weather conditions, including frequent, destructive downpours - such
as those that struck in September 2020, causing extensive damage and
flooding residential areas, and necessitating the intervention of the
Korean People's Army to clear debris and address the inundation.
Nevertheless, these adverse natural conditions did not deter local
authorities from seeking ways to improve the region's economic
standing and its overall importance to the country.
In March 2021, during a seminar for the first secretaries of the
Workers' Party of Korea's city and county committees in Kangwon
Province, a new experimental direction for regional policy was
established - grounded in the principles of the Juche idea, the
practical application of which entails subordinating everything to
the well - being and development to the man as a master of everything
and who is decides everything, regardless of difficulties or
obstacles. This initiative laid the groundwork for the subsequent
nationwide 20x10 Policy, opening up new opportunities and prospects
for the region.
The experiment - which involved gaining experience by establishing
regional industrial plants in Kimhwa County and operating them in a
manner tailored to the area's specific conditions - was a complete
success, yielding positive socio-economic results. The investments
proved efficient and low - cost relative to their profitability and
the outcomes achieved. The experience gained served as the foundation
for the work of the central - level socialist economic planning team
in preparing the comprehensive 20x10 regional development policy
program, which entails constructing similar, modern local industrial
plants in cities and counties across the entire country.
Thus, the concept of the 20x10 Regional Development Policy was born.
It set an ambitious goal: to establish regional economic complexes -
complete with the necessary social and living amenities - across 200
cities and counties of the DPRK. The undertaking was structured as a
ten - year initiative ( spanning two five - year plans ), targeting
the completion of facilities in 20 cities and counties annually. The
primary objectives of this policy are to transform all regions into
ideal living environments - places that uphold family values, reflect
local traditions and culture, and integrate the local economy by
skillfully linking social factors with production infrastructure.
Upon launching the major 20x10
regional
development program, the DPRK government - drawing on the experience
gained in Kimwha - established higher standards for all aspects of
the projects being implemented. These elevated standards and
requirements are reflected in the social sphere through the creation
of more sophisticated architectural styles and a new level of
modernization. The new residential developments feature a 'house
-and - garden'
model for single - and multi - family dwellings, offering a usable
floor area of over
100 square meters. These bright, spacious homes - which incorporate
regional architectural styles and include private gardens, verandas,
and entry porches - are provided to local residents for free.
Proximity to the workplace and comfortable living conditions
significantly boost productivity and serve to bind the local
population to the regional community and industry. This makes it
possible to retain the local workforce for the benefits of regional
development and lay a solid foundation for a future workforce - one
that gains genuine experience where they live and work. It also
creates conditions allowing people working in their own region to
become conscious agents who shape their environment according to
their own needs and aspirations. Here, the concept of the human being
as a creator of social life - a tenet of the Juche philosophy - is
put into practice. A conscious individual - independent and creative
in pursuing life and career aspirations within their own community -
is someone who finds fulfillment in every sphere of life. This factor
is crucial, as the focus on social and living conditions reflects a
principle rooted in the social development of the human being as a
collective entity - a principle the capitalist system of exploitation
can never grasp, given its tendency to generate social divisions and
alienate people from their work.
In the economic sphere, the development of regional industrial
facilities involves the gradual introduction of new solutions based
on innovative and creative approaches, avoiding any mechanical
imitation of existing factories. Here, creativity - as a feature of
the social being - finds full expression in bold socialist planning
projects aimed at human well - being. Socialist planning entails a
broad, holistic view of production and consumption - activities
carried out by people and for people, rather than for the profit of
select capitalist classes. Reducing transport costs and improving the
utilization of raw materials and energy through regionally located
industry operating at optimal efficiency levels are the objectives of
the 20x10 Regional Development Policy.
As part of the 20x10 Regional Development Policy, alongside
factories and manufacturing plants producing local goods based on
local raw materials and capabilities, three universal elements -
derived from social and economic needs - have been identified for
implementation across all projects. These are: a residential complex
featuring a recreation and leisure center that also includes a school
and kindergartens; a grain warehouse; and a hospital.
The leisure and recreation complex being built in each region
centers around a public electronic library accessible to residents.
These centers also house cinema halls, hair and beauty salons,
restaurants, and shops. While the core concept remains consistent,
the specific implementation varies to reflect regional
characteristics - drawing on local traditions and culture - as well
as the unique needs of the local community. Yet, the ultimate goal is
singular: to create optimal conditions for active post - work leisure
without the need for long-distance travel. Retail and service
offerings - ranging from stalls featuring local food products,
handicrafts, and art to health and beauty salons - aim to maximize
comfort during leisure time and comprehensively meet consumer needs,
while also fostering regional growth by reinvesting profits into
local development. The sports and recreation complex offers a wide
array of athletic and cultural activities; through its operations, it
promotes active learning, fulfills cultural needs, and enriches the
community's cultural life.
The grain warehouse serves as a key facility in the agricultural
supply chain, acting as a collection point for local crops - such as
cereals and rice - equipped with state - of - the - art technology
and electronic systems. It is not merely a storage site but an
integrated facility where harvested grain undergoes drying, storage,
and processing. The drying process for cereals and rice is fully
automated and managed by an electronic control system that selects
optimal parameters - including temperature and humidity - and ensures
sanitary sterilization to prevent grain contamination by insect pests
or external pollutants. These warehouses play a vital role in the
planned distribution and regional storage of staple food grains,
serving as a link within the national grain management network
connecting rural areas with the collection and processing centers
located in major cities.
The third element is healthcare. Under the 20x10 Regional
Development Policy, this is implemented through the construction of
modern hospitals in cities and counties, aiming to protect residents'
lives and safeguard their health. Here, too, one can see the wisdom
of socialist planning - a wisdom and farsighted foresight that not
only guarantees everyone access to free, high - quality healthcare
but also ensures - through projects scaled to local needs - maximum
functionality in medical equipment, prioritizing practical use and
eliminating the waste of financial resources. The healthcare policy
within the 20x10 program also introduces a new element: local first
- aid points in small villages and settlements, serving as an
intermediary between larger hospitals and medical clinics. Thanks to
this regional policy on health services, a foundation has been laid
for better utilizing local medical personnel, offering them
opportunities for professional specialization and career growth right
where they live, without the need to leave their home villages for
academic centers in larger cities.
A new specialty of the DPRK, which emerged and developed under the
20x10 Regional Development Policy, is so - called: 'marine
agriculture'
or 'seaside
farms'.
Seaside farms and aqua - agriculture facilities in Sinpho and the
Rangwon region supply the local and national markets with a wide
range of seafood products, such as fish, seaweed, shellfish, and
shrimp. Seafood processing is also expanding at these regional marine
farms; local raw materials are used to manufacture various finished
products, including canned fish, seaweed pastes, and frozen, pre -
packaged fish dishes.
In mountainous regions with access to geothermal hot water sources,
massive 'green
farms'
- facilities cultivating vegetables and fruits in greenhouses - are
being built to harness the region's natural potential. Here, under
constant supervision, plants yield abundant harvests thanks to
optimal temperatures and humidity levels, regardless of external
conditions that might otherwise be unfavorable for vegetable growth.
Fresh cucumbers, lettuce, or tomatoes in the dead of winter are
nothing unusual - not only for local residents but also for major
cities, including Pyongyang. It is precisely thanks to the 20x10
Regional Development Policy that a year - round supply of fresh
produce is secured from farms that- in the past - could not even have
been envisioned in such geographically and environmentally
challenging areas. This stands as proof of how the Juche idea, with
its world - transforming power, breaks down every barrier and
obstacle on the path to realizing full human independence in all
spheres of life.
The implementation of the 20x10 Regional Development Policy
contributes to eliminating development disparities between rural
provincial areas and urban centers. This program embodies the wisdom
and superiority of socialist economic planning - specifically, the
skillful integration of the human factor with economic principles to
achieve sustainable development. It grounds this growth in the
specific local potential and regional characteristics, aligning them
with the broader national economic plan so that all elements of the
regional economy harmonize and cooperate dynamically.
The organic whole formed by all investments within the regional
economy - as fostered by the 20x10 Regional Development Policy -
strengthens the relationship between production and consumption. This
is achieved by closely linking industry ( geared toward regional
potential ) with the agriculture that supplies it - specifically in
the realm of agro - processing and the production of goods for the
regional population - while also embracing the concept of self -
sufficiency by having local industry supply the means for
agricultural production itself, including basic farming tools.
The implementation of the Regional Development 20x10 policy in the
DPRK, under the leadership of the Workers' Party of Korea and Marshal
Kim Jong Un, fosters the broad - based development of residents
across all regions - promoting balanced territorial growth and an
expansion of economic potential that is inextricably linked to the
social advancement of every individual working within the collective.
Through this policy, the residents of the DPRK’s cities and
counties are steadily improving their living standards and building
local prosperity, thereby strengthening the overall national
potential of the people of the Korea of Juche. This serves as a
magnificent testament to the continuity of the 'people
first policy'
- a policy rooted in the epochal Juche idea, which holds that man is
the conscious master of the world and, as the most powerful social
being, possesses the creative capacity to transform his environment
in accordance with his independent aspirations, needs, and goals.
Alan Bolon , editor "People's Korea Today " , KFA UK organisation secretary and head of KFA UK West of England branch.